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Clintonia borealis
''Clintonia borealis'' (commonly Blue-bead lily or Clintonia, also Clinton's Lily, Corn Lily, Cow Tongue, Yellow Beadlily, Yellow Bluebeadlily, Snakeberry, Dogberry, Straw Lily), is a perennial forest plant found in eastern North America. It was once classified within the genus ''Convallaria''.〔(NRCS: USDA Plants Profile: ''Clintonia borealis'' )〕
==Description==
Blue-bead lilies are small (5–10 in) perennial plants, usually found in homogeneous colonies. At full growth, a shoot has 2–4 clasping and curved, slightly succulent leaves with parallel venation. The flowers are arranged in small umbels at the extremity of a long stalk. They have 6 stamens and 6 yellow tepals (i.e. very similar sepals and petals). In rare cases more than one umbel is found on a shoot or shoots from a clone. The fruits are small dark blue, lurid berries. A white-berried form (f. ''albicarpa'') also exists.〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1832. Atlantic Journal 1(3): 120, ''Clintonia borealis''.〕〔(Aiton, William. 1789. Hortus Kewensis 1: 454, pl. 6, with nice illustration, under the name ''Dracaena borealis'' )〕〔Ker Gawler, John Bellenden. 1811. Botanical Magazine pl. 1155, 1403, as ''Smilacina borealis''〕〔Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.〕〔Scoggan, H. J. 1978 (). Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. 2: 93–545. In Flora of Canada. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.〕〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1832. Atlantic Journal, and Friend of Knowledge 120, as ''Clintonia aitonii, Clintonia multiflora''〕〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1937. New Flora and Botany of North America 2.78-88. as ''Clintonia angustifolia, Clintonia biflora, Clintonia biumbella, Clintonia falcata, Clintonia fulva, Clintonia glomerata, Clintonia latifolia, Clintonia ophioglossoides, Clintonia triflora, Clintonia triflora''〕〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1819. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts 89: 102 as ''Clintonia ciliata''〕〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1820. Annals of Nature or Annual Synopsis of New Genera and Species of Animals, Plants, &c. Discovered in North America by C. S. Rafinesque. Lexington p 16 as ''Clintonia mutans''〕〔Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1830. Medical Flora 2:85, as ''Clintonia nutans''〕
The plant reproduces via seed or vegetatively by underground rhizomes. Flowering in May and June, it takes over a dozen years for a clone to establish and produce its first flower, 2 years of which are dedicated solely to germination. The older parts of the rhizome starts to die after approximately 15 years, but new parts continue growing. One colony often covers several hundred square meters. Few specimens establish new colonies.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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